Credits

The Rise and Fall of Jim Crow. (original interviewee testimonial videos and edited clips adapted from the TV documentary mini-series production). Originated by Richard Wormser. Produced, Written, and Directed by Richard Wormser, Bill Jersey, and Sam Pollard, in association with Thirteen / WNET PBS, 2002.

Farmville, An American Story. (Short documentary). Originated by Richard Wormser. Produced, Written, and Directed by Richard Wormser, Bill Jersey, and Sam Pollard, in association with Southern Humanities Media Fund and Virginia Humanities for the Robert Russa Moton Museum, 2000.

Barbara Johns Interview: "Seize it!" (excerpt). Produced by CBS, 1978. Courtesy of CBS.

The Barbara Johns Story Prologue. Music by Michael Bacon.

The Barbara Johns Story Chapters and Topics. Music by Aker “ForTunes” Ellis.

The Barbara Johns Story Interface Sound Effects. Created by Aker “ForTunes” Ellis.

Travis (Flickr user). Desegregation. Flickr Creative Commons: Image adjusted, cropped, and de-noised. Sculptor: Stanley Bleifield, July 1. Monument unveiling: March 26, 2011. https://www.flickr.com/photos/baggis/5945984956

Three students at Clinton High School U.S. Desegregation Protest. Clinton, TN. August 27, 1956.

Student demonstration against closing of Prince Edward County public schools, Farmville, VA. July 1963. Courtesy of Virginia Historical Society.

Bledsoe, John T, photographer. Little Rock, Rally at state capitol. Little Rock, AR. 1959. Library of Congress. https://www.loc.gov/item/2009632339/

Nik, Natalia. Original illustrations. 2025. Illustrator exclusively represented by Art Lab Agency. Art direction: C&G Partners.

Antrobus, John, Plantation Burial. 1860. The Historic New Orleans Collection.

Johnson, Eastman. The Lord Is My Shepherd, 1863. Smithsonian American Art Museum, Gift of Mrs. Francis P. Garvan. 1979.5.13.

"Emancipation Day in South Carolina." United States South Carolina Port Royal. 1863. Frank Leslie's Illustrated Newspaper, (New York); Vol. 15, no. 382 (1863 Jan. 24), p. 276. Library of Congress. https://www.loc.gov/item/99614128/

The Freedman's spelling-book. Boston: American Tract Society. c1866. Monroe C. Gutman Library, Graduate School of Education, Harvard University.

Photograph of Frederick Douglass. The New-York Historical Society.

Waud, Alfred R. "Zion" school for colored children, Charleston, South Carolina. 1866. Library of Congress. https://www.loc.gov/item/97501517/

Dodge, Clarence (attributed to). The Fuller Court, October 1894 (pose no. 2). C. M. Bell Studio.

Nik, Natalia. Jim Crow Main Street. Original illustration. 2025. Illustrator exclusively represented by Art Lab Agency. Art direction: C&G Partners.

Constitution, 1902. Virginia Constitutional Convention (1901-1902). Virginia Constitutions Digital Collection. Identifier: 40664.

Regional Map of Prince Edward County in Virginia. 2025. C&G Partners.

Map of Farmville and Darlington Heights. 2025. C&G Partners.

Front View of Robert Russa Moton High School. Defendant's Exhibit No. 91, in the civil rights case Dorothy E. Davis et al. v. County School Board of Prince Edward County, Virginia. Mid-Atlantic Region (Philadelphia, PA). ca. 1951. National Archives and Records Administration.

Exterior View of Robert Russa Moton High School. Civil Action No. 1333, in the civil rights case Dorothy E. Davis et al. v. County School Board of Prince Edward County, Virginia. Mid-Atlantic Region (Philadelphia, PA). ca. 1951. National Archives and Records Administration. https://www.docsteach.org/documents/document/moton-exterior

Robert Russa Moton High School English 9 Class. Civil Action No. 1333, in the civil rights case Dorothy E. Davis et al. v. County School Board of Prince Edward County, Virginia. Mid-Atlantic Region (Philadelphia, PA). ca. 1951. National Archives and Records Administration. https://www.docsteach.org/documents/document/moton-english-class

Robert Russa Moton High School Science Class. Civil Action No. 1333, in the civil rights case Dorothy E. Davis et al. v. County School Board of Prince Edward County, Virginia. Mid-Atlantic Region (Philadelphia, PA). ca. 1951. National Archives and Records Administration.

Robert Russa Moton High School Auditorium. Civil Action No. 1333, in the civil rights case Dorothy E. Davis et al. v. County School Board of Prince Edward County, Virginia. Mid-Atlantic Region (Philadelphia, PA). ca. 1951. National Archives and Records Administration. https://www.docsteach.org/documents/document/moton-auditorium-front

Barbara Johns 1952 Graduation, Alabama State College Laboratory High School, Montgomery, AL. Retouched by Nike Adewumi, C&G Partners 2025. Courtesy of the Barbara Johns Family.

"Class of 1951." Robert Russa Moton High School and Prince Edward County High School Class Photographs. https://motonmuseum.omeka.net/items/show/893

Barbara Rose Johns, 14 Years Old. Courtesy of the Barbara Johns Family.

"Joan Johns." Robert Russa Moton High School and Prince Edward County High School Class Photographs. https://motonmuseum.omeka.net/items/show/279

"Joy Cabarrus." Robert Russa Moton High School and Prince Edward County High School Class Photographs. https://motonmuseum.omeka.net/items/show/284

"John A. Stokes." Robert Russa Moton High School and Prince Edward County High School Class Photographs. https://motonmuseum.omeka.net/items/show/25

"Edwilda Allen." Robert Russa Moton High School and Prince Edward County High School Class Photographs. https://motonmuseum.omeka.net/items/show/263

"John Watson." Robert Russa Moton High School and Prince Edward County High School Class Photographs. https://motonmuseum.omeka.net/items/show/94

"Edna Allen." Robert Russa Moton High School and Prince Edward County High School Class Photographs. https://motonmuseum.omeka.net/items/show/335

"Samuel Williams." Robert Russa Moton High School and Prince Edward County High School Class Photographs. https://motonmuseum.omeka.net/items/show/117

Wolcott, Marion Post. Negro going in colored entrance of movie house on Saturday afternoon, Belzoni, Mississippi Delta, Mississippi. 1939. Farm Security Administration. Office of War Information Photograph Collection, Library of Congress. https://www.loc.gov/resource/fsa.8a41115/

B&J Signs. Colored/White restroom sign. Black lettering on white painted glass. 1929. University of Southern Maine African American Collection. Gerald E. Talbot Collection Object.

Unidentified creator. A red and white painted metal motel sign inside a plain wooden frame. The sign reads: [Booker T. Motel COLORED Humboldt, Tenn.]. ca. 1950. Collection of the Smithsonian National Museum of African American History and Culture. Object number 2012.46.31 http://n2t.net/ark:/65665/fd5c062597f-6bc6-4a8d-9448-7f04eabbfcea

Unidentified creator. A metal double-sided black railroad sign that reads: [WAITING ROOM / FOR WHITES / ONLY / BY ORDER OF / POLICE DEPT.] in white paint. ca. 1930s. Collection of the Smithsonian National Museum of African American History and Culture. Object number 2015.23. http://n2t.net/ark:/65665/fd5c350442c-e3c6-4810-ad12-5efbe3646ec1

United States Department of the Army. An officer's showers sign. 1947-1954. Collection of the Smithsonian National Museum of African American History and Culture, Gift of Brian Turner from the Collection of John E. Collins. Object number 2021.84. http://n2t.net/ark:/65665/fd5ad757a05-128a-4eda-995a-788a11c6e983

Unidentified creator. A sign from a segregated restaurant. 1920s - 1940s. Collection of the Smithsonian National Museum of African American History and Culture. Object number 2012.46.36. http://n2t.net/ark:/65665/fd500c1203c-a93c-47e5-8209-fa94476f0b62

Unidentified creator. A metal bus sign with a stenciled black paint in black that reads: [THIS PART OF BUS FOR / COLORED RACE]; Nashville. ca. 1950. Collection of the Smithsonian National Museum of African American History and Culture. Object number 2008.3. http://n2t.net/ark:/65665/fd5dd376555-f55b-44fd-9537-ae9c8d7f52a6

Jim Crow. [London], New York & Philadelphia. Pub. by Hodgson, 111 Fleet Street & Turner & Fisher. Between 1835 and 1845? Library of Congress. https://www.loc.gov/pictures/item/2004669584/

Bachinger, Franz. Youth. (Color modified). From Pixabay. https://pixabay.com/illustrations/youth-group-people-friends-9312813/

Exterior View of Farmville High School. Civil Action No. 1333, in the civil rights case Dorothy E. Davis et al. v. County School Board of Prince Edward County, Virginia. Mid-Atlantic Region (Philadelphia, PA). ca. 1951. National Archives and Records Administration. https://www.docsteach.org/documents/document/farmville-exterior

"Kennell Jackson." Robert Russa Moton High School and Prince Edward County High School Class Photographs. https://motonmuseum.omeka.net/items/show/606

"Willie Shepperson." Robert Russa Moton High School and Prince Edward County High School Class Photographs. https://motonmuseum.omeka.net/items/show/314

"Irene Taylor." Robert Russa Moton High School and Prince Edward County High School Class Photographs. https://motonmuseum.omeka.net/items/show/88

"Carl Allen." Robert Russa Moton High School and Prince Edward County High School Class Photographs. https://motonmuseum.omeka.net/items/show/63

Exterior East Side View of Robert Russa Moton High School. Defendant's Exhibit No. 89, in the civil rights case Dorothy E. Davis et al. v. County School Board of Prince Edward County, Virginia. Mid-Atlantic Region (Philadelphia, PA). June 9, 1951. National Archives and Records Administration. https://catalog.archives.gov/id/76043554

Worsham High School Classroom. Civil Action No. 1333, in the civil rights case Dorothy E. Davis et al. v. County School Board of Prince Edward County, Virginia. Mid-Atlantic Region (Philadelphia, PA). ca. 1. Courtesy National Archives and Records Administration. https://www.docsteach.org/documents/document/worsham-classroom

Farmville High School Auditorium. Civil Action No. 1333, in the civil rights case Dorothy E. Davis et al. v. County School Board of Prince Edward County, Virginia. Mid-Atlantic Region (Philadelphia, PA). ca. 1951. National Archives and Records Administration. https://www.docsteach.org/documents/document/farmville-auditorium

Wood, Thomas Waterman. A Southern Cornfield In Nashville, Tennessee. (1861).

Ferris, Jean Leon Gerome. Let Us Have Peace. 1920. Virginia Historical Society. https://discoveryvirginia.org/let-us-have-peace

Prince Edward County in Map of Virginia. 2025. C&G Partners.

Farmville Confederate Veterans Monument. Erected 1900 by Conferate Veterans and Daughters of the Confederacy. Photo taken May 29, 2010. Courtesy of The Historical Marker Database. https://www.hmdb.org/m.asp?m=31311

The Court House in Worsham, Virginia, while it was being used as a boys school in the 1890s. Courtesy of Hampden-Sydney College.

Main Street, looking North, Farmville, VA. Vintage postcard.

1950 Census Enumeration District Maps - Virginia (VA) - Prince Edward County - Farmville - ED 74-5 to 9. Department of Commerce. Bureau of the Census. Office of the Associate Director for Decennial Census. Geography Division. National Archives and Records Administration Collection. https://commons.m.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:1950_Census_Enumeration_District_Maps_-Virginia(VA)_-Prince_Edward_County-Farmville-ED_74-5_to_9-NARA-_51435625.jpg

Mary E. Branch Elementary School, Farmville, VA. (Retouched). Robert Russa Moton Museum.

J. Barrye Wall, Editor of The Farmville Herald. Courtesy of Richmond Times-Dispatch.

Teague, Kipp. Tobacco field in Pittsylvania County, Virginia. (Cropped). August 16, 2020. Creative Commons https://www.flickr.com/photos/retroweb/50258614802/

Triumph Baptist Church, Cullen, Virginia, 1950s. Courtesy of Triumph Baptist Church.

The Johns Children - Barbara 13, Joan 10, Ernest 7 at Grandmother Mary Croner's home 1948. Courtesy of Joan Johns Cobbs.

Nik, Natalia. Barbara and White Girl in the Johns' Country Store. Original illustration. 2025. Illustrator exclusively represented by Art Lab Agency. Art direction: C&G Partners.

Nik, Natalia. Barbara and White Girl on Farmville Public Street. Original illustration. 2025. Illustrator exclusively represented by Art Lab Agency. Art direction: C&G Partners.

Nik, Natalia. The Woods with Barbara and Her Horse; The Woods-Day Mode; The Woods-Night Mode. Original illustrations. 2025. Illustrator exclusively represented by Art Lab Agency. Art direction: C&G Partners.

Johns, Barbara Rose. Memoir. R.R. Moton Museum on behalf of the Johns Family. Transcribed by Peter Wallenstein, July 2009. (Lesson plan images).

Math Teacher Ms. Helen Guerrant and Barbara Johns. (Crop of Barbara Johns). Courtesy of John Arthur Stokes.

Walker, Hank. African-American high school students arriving at their run-down school in Virginia. 1950s. Courtesy of Hank Walker/Time & Life Pictures/Getty Images.

Math Teacher Ms. Helen Guerrant and Barbara Johns. Courtesy of John Arthur Stokes.

Dexter Avenue King Memorial Baptist Church & Parsonage, Montgomery, AL. Library of Congress Prints and Photographs Division Washington, D.C. http://hdl.loc.gov/loc.pnp/highsm.05750

Stanziola, Phil. Martin Luther King. 1964. New York World-Telegram & Sun Newspaper Photograph Collection at the Library of Congress.

Nik, Natalia. Grandmother Mary Victoria Carrington Spencer Croner. Original illustration based on photograph provided courtesy of Joan Johns Cobbs. 2025. Illustrator exclusively represented by Art Lab Agency. Art direction: C&G Partners.

Nik, Natalia. Music Teacher Ms. Inez Davenport. Original illustration. 2025. Illustrator exclusively represented by Art Lab Agency. Art direction: C&G Partners.

Pastor, Schoolmates Pay Final Tribute to Five Accident Victims. Article and photo published March 20, 1951. The Farmville Herald.

Protest sign from the student strike in Prince Edward County, Virginia. Published April 30, 1951. Richmond News Leader. Courtesy of Richmond Times-Dispatch.

Nik, Natalia. Barbara's Speech at R.R. Moton High School. Original illustration. 2025. Illustrator exclusively represented by Art Lab Agency. Art direction: C&G Partners.

Attorneys Spottswood Robinson III (left) and Oliver W. Hill, Jr. arrive at Federal Court. August 2, 1958. Arlington, VA. Bettmann Collection/Getty.

O'Halloran, Thomas J., Rev. L. Francis Griffin, head of a local NAACP chapter in Farmville, Prince Edward County, Virginia, half-length portrait, facing front. September 16, 1963. Library of Congress Prints & Photographs Division. https://lccn.loc.gov/2013650607

"Carrie D. V. Stokes." Robert Russa Moton High School and Prince Edward County High School Class Photographs. https://motonmuseum.omeka.net/items/show/4

Letter to Virginia NAACP by Barbrara Johns and Carrie Stokes (reproduction). April 23, 1951. Robert Russa Moton Museum.

Nik, Natalia. Barbara and Carrie Convince the NAACP Lawyers. Original illustration. 2025. Illustrator exclusively represented by Art Lab Agency. Art direction: C&G Partners.

There Was Standing Room Only at Farmville School Rally (May 3, 1951). Published May 12, 1951. Courtesy of The Richmond Afro-American.

First Baptist Church of Farmville, VA. Courtesy of Rockingham County Public Schools - Virginia. http://farmville2017.rockingham.k12.va.us/may-3-1951.html

Wade, Matt. The inscription Equal Justice Under Law as seen on the frieze of the United States Supreme Court building. (Color removed). 8 May 2005. Creative Commons. https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:CourtEqualJustice.JPG

Pupils Look at Cross Burned in Moton Schoolyard. Newspaper article reproduced in Recovering Untold Stories: An Enduring Legacy of the Brown v. Board of Education Decision. 2018. Edited by University of Kansas Libraries, The Brown Foundation for Educational Equity, Excellence and Research. Courtesy of John A. Stokes.

Prince Edward County Courthouse in Farmville, Virginia. Vintage Postcard.

Chase, John Churchill. "In 1892 we were here ... when a New Orleanian tried to prove that justice is color blind." May 3, 1977. The Historic New Orleans Collection, Permanent Collection, Gift of Mr. John Churchill Chase and Mr. John W. Wilds. https://catalog.hnoc.org/web/arena/search#/entity/thnoc-archive/1979.167.18%20a/in-1892-we-were-here-...-when-a-new-orleanian-tried-to-prove-that-justice-is-color-blind

Harris & Ewing photography firm. Chief Justice of the United States Earl Warren. Scan of original print courtesy of the Harvard Law School Library Legal Portrait Project.

Nettie Hunt and her daughter Nickie sit on the steps of the U.S. Supreme Court. Nettie explains to her daughter the meaning of the high court's ruling in the Brown Vs. Board of Education case that segregation in public schools is unconstitutional. Courtesy of UPI/Bettmann via Getty Images.

The Robert R. Moton Parent Teacher Association Meeting Minutes, May 20, 1948. Courtesy of Moton Museum, Lancaster Family Papers.

Dorothy E. Davis (center, with glasses) stands with students named in Dorothy Davis, et al. v. County School Board of Prince Edward County, Virginia. 1953. Hank Walker/The LIFE Picture Collection/Getty Images (Robert Russa Moton High School); Courtesy Joan Johns Cobb (Barbara Johns).

Barbara Rose Johns. Courtesy of Virginia Commission for Historical Statues in the United States Capitol.

Barbara Rose Johns Powell. Courtesy of the Barbara Johns Family.

Becker Jones, Devry. The Light of Reconciliation historical site marker, Farmville, VA. April 22, 2021. Courtesy of The Historical Marker Database. https://www.hmdb.org/m.asp?m=171719

The Robert Russa Moton Museum. Robert Russa Moton Museum Collection.

The Robert Russa Moton Museum Historic Auditorium. Robert Russa Moton Museum Collection.

The Robert Russa Moton Museum School Program in the Historic Auditorium. Robert Russa Moton Museum Collection.

The Robert Russa Moton Museum Permanent Exhibit. Robert Russa Moton Museum Collection.

The Robert Russa Moton Museum Learning Annex. Robert Russa Moton Museum Collection.